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This is a mobile phone sniffer circuit that can detect the signals
being used in the GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) band at
about 900 MHz. Since the signals are digitally encoded, it can detect
only the signal activity, not the speech or the message contents. A
headphone is used to hear the detected signals.
The circuit schematic is given in the .rar archive attachment. There
are two separate detector units. Every detector unit consists of a
dipole antenna, a choke and a diode. The antenna receives the GSM
signals in the medium. Then a small amount of charge is induced in the
choke. The diode demodulates the signal and finishes detecting. The
diodes must be schottky diodes or germanium diodes. Since the forward
voltage of a silisium diode is high, it won't give a sufficient result
in this circuit.
LM358 amplifies the received signal. It contains two separate
op-amps that are supplied by a common power source. R3 and R7 resistors
determine the gain of the amplifiers. When the resistor values are
greater than 10M then the noise level increases. If they are small like
about 100k, this time it becomes harder to hear the signal.
Click here to download the schematic and the PCB layouts.
Components List:
R1, R5 : 100K 1/4W Resistor
R2, R6 : 1k 1/4W Resistor
R3, R7 : 8.2M 1/4W Resistor
R4, R8 : 220 Ohm 1/4W Resistor
R9 : 2.2K 1/4W Resistor
D1, D2 : BAT43 Schottky Diode
C1, C2, C4 : 100nF Polyester Capacitor
C3 : 100uF 16V Electrolytic Capacitor
L1, L2 : See Text
U1 : LM358
J1 : 8 Pin Socket
J2 : Stereo JAck
1 x 9V Battery
1 x 9V Battery Socket
1 x LED
1 x On/Off Switch
The diodes, gain of the amplifiers and the length of the antenna is
critical in this circuit. Calculating the length of the antenna is
simple. The formulation is given below.
λ=c/f = (300.000km/h)/900MHz =33.3 cm Then; Antenna Length = λ / 2 = 16.6 cm
So there are four pieces of antenna and each one is about 8.3 cm
long. The wire type is not critical but its better to choose a fairly
thick wire that will not bend too easily. It is a 1.5 mm diameter wire
seen in the photo that we used. The two antennas must be positioned
perpendicularly.
The chokes are 10 turn molded chokes. The wire diameter should be about 0.5 - 06 mm and wound around a 5 mm cylindrical object.
Diodes are very critical. You should use one of BAT43, BAT45,
AA112, AA116 or AA119. When a silisium diode is used the circuit also
works but the detecting area becomes very very narrow.
Y.Erol
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